Pavilion on the left of the Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi gate

Pavilion on the left of the Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi gate

Great Mosque, damage mapping

Great Mosque, damage mapping

Bab as-Salam, portal with coloured stone layers (ablaq)

Bab as-Salam, portal with coloured stone layers (ablaq)

Bab al-Hadid, inscription beside the door from outside

Bab al-Hadid, inscription beside the door from outside

Citadel of Aleppo, Entrance Gateway

Citadel of Aleppo, Entrance Gateway

Great Mosque, Plan of the building parts

Great Mosque, Plan of the building parts

Great Mosque, damage mapping

Great Mosque, damage mapping

Great Mosque, Plan of the building parts

Great Mosque, Plan of the building parts

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

A view in Wadi Barada

A view in Wadi Barada

Citadel of Aleppo, entrance of the Palace of al-Malik al-ʿAziz Muhammad

Citadel of Aleppo, entrance of the Palace of al-Malik al-ʿAziz Muhammad

Remains of a ruined building in Jabal Says

Remains of a ruined building in Jabal Says

Raqqa/Rafiqa, An old photo of the remains of al-Banat palace before restoration

Raqqa/Rafiqa, An old photo of the remains of al-Banat palace before restoration

Raqqa, A side from al-Banat Palace

Raqqa, A side from al-Banat Palace

In the outer courtyard of the ʿAzm-Palace, now the museum of the arts and popular traditions of Damascus

In the outer courtyard of the ʿAzm-Palace, now the museum of the arts and popular traditions of Damascus

Remains of the Ummayad Palace in Jabal Says

Remains of the Ummayad Palace in Jabal Says

Courtyard of family wing (so called haramlik or jummwani) in Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace

Courtyard of family wing (so called haramlik or jummwani) in Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace

Citadel of Aleppo, courtyard of the Palace of al-Malik al-ʿAziz Muhammad

Citadel of Aleppo, courtyard of the Palace of al-Malik al-ʿAziz Muhammad

Citadel of Aleppo, exterior view of the domes of the Hammam

Citadel of Aleppo, exterior view of the domes of the Hammam

Main entrance of Ibn Wardan Palace

Main entrance of Ibn Wardan Palace

General view of Ibn Wardan Palace

General view of Ibn Wardan Palace

Old aerial photo of at-Takiyya as-Sulaymaniyya, Damascus

Old aerial photo of at-Takiyya as-Sulaymaniyya, Damascus

The northern arcade of the inner courtyard (juwwani), Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace

The northern arcade of the inner courtyard (juwwani), Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace

Great Mosque, prayer hall, Shrine of the Prophet Zakariya

Great Mosque, prayer hall, Shrine of the Prophet Zakariya

Damage pattern, detachment thru shrapnel on stone surface in the Great Umayyad Mosque in Aleppo

Fig. 15, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, total destruction of al-Jalabi mosque, Aleppo, Syria

Fig. 01, Catalogue of Damage

Al-Kilaniyya neighborhood in Hama

Al-Kilaniyya neighborhood in Hama

Al-Khusrawiyya: Explosion crater where the mosque once stood, 2016

Al-Khusrawiyya: Explosion crater where the mosque once stood, 2016

View from the portico towards the entrance of dome hall, al-ʿAzm Palace

View from the portico towards the entrance of dome hall, al-ʿAzm Palace